Hacksaw



H. E. o. SCHMIDT ET AL.

HACKSAW July 2l, 1936.

Filed Jan. f2,1 1935 Patented July 21, 1936 HACKSAW erbert '0. Schmidt andChristopher-I.

Hal/Eberle, BllffalmN. Y.V

Application January 4 Claims.

Our invention'relates to hack-saws, and has morefparticular reference to that type of-sawin which the saw bladel is capable of being adjusted at right-angles -to its normal position.

-In the use-of hack-saws, conditions are occasionally encountered where the frame of the Ysaw acts as an vobstruction when the saw lblade "is positioned in the plane of the saw; for example, when sawing an article -to a greater Y'depth than the 'space'between the saw blade and the horizontal or upper member of the frame, or when a portion-of `an object is'to be sawed whichhas parts above it in the plane of the horizontal or upper member of the frame. -At such times it is 'necessary-to position the saw blade atan angle to the frame so that the frame will not come in contact-with the article or object operated upon.

VVarious forms of hack-saws have been devised to accomplish this result, but they have been more or less complicated and in all instances diiicult to adjust, requiring in most instances-the services of two persons to `make the vadjustment. -with any degree of convenience.

Infhack-saws of -this type it is highly'desirable to effect the adjustmentquickly'and conveniently by the workman using the saw without the assistance of others,v and Vone of the objectsl ofA our Y invention is to position the adjustableparts in such close proximity to the saw blade that the adjustment can be eiected to swingv the sawbladeinto angular position; either tothe right or left, `with the thumbs and index ngers while holding the ends of Vthe yframe in both hands.

Another object of our invention is the production of simple andl eective adjusting-means embodied within the' blade-holding headsA of the frame.

Another object -is to so construct'the blade-holding heads that they not only embody the bladeadjusting means but are capable of replacing the blade-holding headsk now employed in the conventional -type ofhack-saws -A further object of our inventionis to provide a hack-sawfin which the blade-holding heads are formed of two relatively movable parts, one vpivotally connected to the other and having theirpivots oiset with respect to thesaw blade so that rotation ofthe saw-4 blade isunnecessary, andl so that the saw blade need only be swung throughfanarc of a circle, either tothe right or left as maybe found advantageous in executing the intended operation.

A still further object of our invention isvto include simple and effective locking mechanism in the adjustable blade-sholdjing heads so'that-the 8, 1935,1.Serial No. 849

saw blade may be `firmly retained inf-any adjusted position, and to provide said locking mechanism with actuating means in close.proximity to-the center of rotation of ythe movableparts of Ithe blade-holding-'heads :for conveniently -releasing 5 said locking mechanism 'and retaining the same in unlocked condition 4while swinging the.f.saw blade from oney position to another. Y

With thel above and other `objects in view to appear hereinafter, our invention consistsin the-l0` novel construction, arrangement, 'and' combination of parts tobe hereinafter described and more particularly pointed out in the'subjoined'claims.

lIn the drawing:

Fig.` 1 is a side elevationof a hack-saw embody# 15 ing-our invention.

Fig. 2 isa perspective view of -a portion or the sawvframe including 'our improved blade-holdinghead, lshowing the'saw blade parallel -with the frame, or in normal position.

Fig. 3 is a similar viewzshcwing the saw .blade swung Yinto angularY position` in :one directionfin full lines andgin Aanopposite direction indotted lines.

Fig. 4- is an enlarged transversey sectiontaken 25 on linef4-4, Eig. 1. Y

'Fig. 5is-a section takenfon line 5-`5, Fig. 4. l Fig. 6 isanl enlarged horizontal section taken onY line 6*-6, Fig. 1. y y

YFiga? is a vsection taken` on line 1-?I, Fig. 5.. 30

vReferring nowV to the drawing Yint-detail, like letters of reference refer to Ilike V.parts inthe several fisures.V

The `reference `numeral 8 designates the frame ofthe saw and it is formed in the conventional 35 manner of two sections 9,10, adjustablyeconnected together `-to permit lVoir lengthening -or shortening the frame to accommodate saw bladesof `diierent lengths. v

-As isfcommon,Y the frame is constructed in the mainofat bar metal .and comprises a longitudinal or'header'member II and end members I2, I3; lthe outer end-.member I2 being integral-with a portion I4 of the header member and therportion YI4 telescoped` andfadjustableina channelshaped-portion I5 ofthe hea-der member ;l suitable means.loeingprovided'to` retain the two -portions Miland \I5V inany adjusted-position; depending on thelength the frame is to have toproperly receivea selected saw blade. Various* ways of: connecting -the-two portions ofithe header member=arevnow known and in commonuse and as this forms no-part-of our-invention we deemzit unnecessary to describe the same in; detail.

The upperend of the inner end member V`I3 'is fitted and attached to the channel-shaped por- Ytion` I of the header member and a handle I6 is provided which is attached to said header member at its innerV end. Y Y

The parts of the saw thus far set out ln detail `form no part of our invention and merely describe a frame'of conventional type Yhaving an arch-like V`body' portion in which the end members I2 and I3 are formed of flat bar `materialand to the eX- tremities of these, blade-holding heads are usually riveted in hack-saws of this typenow in use.

Y It is the purpose of our invention to provide,

not only a completerhackesaw with lthe angular adjustability ofV the saw blade embodied therein,Y` butalso one in which VVour invention is'embodled in blade-holding heads capable' of replacing theY ordinary blade-holding heads `of the conventional 1 hack-saws.' Therefore, when embodyingV our inlvention lin a complete hack-saw as an article-of Y manufacture, we may desire to use the main p0rtion ofthe sawA frameillustrated in the accompanying drawing, or any other saw frame serving the same purpose.

YIn any event we' prefer to secure blade-holding elements or. heads I1, I8, to the end members I2 `'and I3 Vby means of rivets and eachof these elements or heads comprises arrigid partV I9' and a movable, preferably swingable part `such parts Y 'f being so termed by reason of the fact that` the Vcal memberof the associated fixed part I9. These cylindrical parts are of like diameter and are pivotally connected together by onerof the screw parts I9 are ilxedly secured to the end members I2 and I3 of theY frame, while the. movable Vor swingable rparts 20 areconnected to saidriixed parts. by screw'pivots 2I.

VEachof the Yfixed parts Yof the .blade-holding V:heads`V I1 and I8 comprises a sideopening chan- Y nel-shaped member 22 into which the lowerY end of'an end member I2 Vor I3.is fitted anda cylindrical member 23 at the lower end of Vsaid channel-shaped member of approximately Vhalf the Y fmtwidtn of melatten Rivets 24 are passedthrough the channel-shaped members and the portions of the end members inserted thereintorto rmlyse- I cure-'said xed partseto the main portion of the frame, so termedbecause the bladeeho'lding headsl I'I and I8 form portions of the, complete frame.V

-The movable part of the blade-holding head at the outer end of the saw frame comprises a solid longitudinallyfdisposed member 25 and a cylin-` Vdrical 'member 2 6 projecting upwardly from-its :router endA and'adaptedA to have its inner ilatV face in contact with the outer flat'face of the cylindri-Y pivot's 2|.

Projecting inwardly fromthe longitudinallydisposed'member 25 is a half-round stud 21 from the -fiat side of which a'retainer pin 28V projects.

. manner. Y y Y Y Y The movable part of the blade-holding headv at The flat side of said stud being approximately alined` with the axis ofV the'screw-pivot 2i Y One end of the saw blade 29 lies against the flat side of said stud and the retainer pinY 28 Vis passed' through an opening in the saw/blade in the usual the inner end of the saw frame differs from that Y at the outer end in that the` longitudinal member,

designated by the numeralY 30 Vis hollow and like the longitudinal member 25 hasa cylindrical j member V3| projecting upwardly from its outer end. The inner ilat face of thismember lies incontact withthe outer ilat face of the cylindrical member of the associated xed part I9. These cylindrical parts are of likediameter and pivotally `'connecteizltogether by a screw pivot 2|.

The hollow interior or bore of the longitudinal member 30 is preferably of square formation and in it is slidably arranged the square intermediate portion 32 of a blade-tensioning screw 33, the

inner end of whichris cylindrical, asat 34, 'andV projects inwardly a distance beyond the inner end of said hollow'longitudinalV member. The'inner extremity of said blade-tensioning screw is cutaway laterally to form a; half-round terminal,

againsttheilat side ofwhlch the adjacent endl()V of the saw blade 29 lies, said terminal having an vinwardly and laterally-directed blade-retainerpin 35` projecting fromV its flat VVside. and passing through an oval hole 36 inV the end of the saw blade. Said tensioningscrew 33 is screw-threadv Vedfrom the square intermediate portion 32 to its outer extremity and projects a distance beyond the outer end ofthe hollow longitudinal member 30; a-thumb nut 31being threaded Vthereon and a Ywa'sher'placed thereover between the Ythumb nut and saidv hollow longitudinal member. yThe tightening and loosening of said thumb-nut determines the tension applied to theV saw! blade.'

and for, convenience in 'adjusting the blade Varngularly from one position to the other the tension Y should be slightly relieved. Y

Y YThe lower end ofY each end member isfcutaway, as at 38, tovform a chamber 39 within theA channel-shaped member of its attached Yfixed part I9Vand in the lower portionof this chamber 3M is slidably arranged `a lock dog40 above which 'a helical compression spring 4I 'i's'arranged oneaV Y end of which bears aga-inst the upper endof said'V dog and the other end againstk the,V portion offV said end member serving'asgthe top wall of saidV chamber. o The cylindrical members 26 and 3| are pro-l vided with peripheral notches 42 into which the ends of the lock dogs are to be selectively en` tered, depending Von the position which the saw blade isV to have. Y

In order to conveniently'manipulate said'loclr dogs, they are provided with laterally projecting finger pieces 43 which extend through slots 44 Y nthe'sidesof the channel-shapedrmembers I9 r and are provided with enlargementsv 'or headsV which at all times are in VVclosed proximityvto' the movable,` parts of the blade-holdingheads'.

Since hack-saws .now in use have blade-hold#` ing heads xedly secured to the main portion'sofY to loosenthe heads removing ,the rivets, after which the adjustable blade-holding heads Vembodyingour invention can be substituted theyre,-

03 the frame, our invention can be easily'applied thereto; it being a simple matter for a mechanic Y for; rivets being fastened in the same rivet holes;

from which the old Vrivets'were removed;

Assuming the saw blade to be positionedias shown in Figs. 1 and 2, and it is desired to swing the saw blade in the angular position shown'in" full lines in Fig. 3, or inf' dotted lines, the frame iis grasped with both hands at'opposite 'ends, with the thumbs against the headed 'finger pieces 42 and one of the fingers of each hand, maintainedfree, against the movable( partY of the adjacent blade-holding head. Upward pressure on the Vfinger piecesfwill disengage the lock dogs from` the notchesn4r2 in the cylindrical parts vtligandV 3I and allowthe movable parts`of the 'bladeholding heads to be swung either to the right orf left,'depending on the direction of the pressure exerted 4by thefree ngers of the hand.V l

Y' Tension on the saw blade is preferably relieved by slightly loosening the thumb nut 31,' before attempting to angularly adjust the saw blade, rand-75,"VV

after adjustment has been effected, the blade will again be properly tensioned.

It will be apparent that since the axes of the elements to which the saw blade ls directly attached is off-center with respect to the pivots 2|, such elements and the saw blade are swung through an arc of a circle with each adjustment and by reason of the lock dogs and the finger pieces being in close proximity to the center of movement of said saw blade, an exceedingly compact arrangement of parts is provided which can be easily and most conveniently manipulated without straining the ngers of either hand or causing inconvenience to the operator in any manner.

Moreover, the construction and arrangement of parts are such that the saw blade will be perfectly rigid in any adjusted position, no lateral movement or wabbling of the blade being possible when in the act of sawing.

It will also be apparent that after releasing the lock-dogs from their retaining notches, the mere swinging of the'saw blade a quarter of a circle will bring other retaining notches in alignment with the lock-dogs, which then move automatically into locking position. Consequently as soon as the notched cylindrical parts move on the screw pivots after releasing the lock-dogs from the notches, the engaging ends of said dogs ride over the smooth convex portions of said parts between notches, with the result that the hands are then entirely free to swing the blade into the desired adjusted position.

Hack-saws constructed with our invention differ very little in appearance from the conventional saws now in use; there being no prominent projecting parts, especially since the finger pieces 43 need have only sufficient projection to rest the thumbs thereagainst and prevent them slipping when exerting upward pressure thereagainst. In all other respects the parts are limited to substantially the same lateral and longitudinal dimensions of hack-saws now in common use.

Having thus described our invention, what We claim is:

1. A hack-saw, comprising a frame adjustable to accommodate saw blades of different lengths and having at bars at its ends, blade-holding elements at opposite ends of said frame, said elements having channel-shaped parts receiving the terminals of said b-ars and each having a cylindrical portion at its lower end, a blade-holding part having a longitudinal member provided with an upwardly-projecting cylindrical portion at its outer end, said cylindrical portions co-acting with the cylindrical portions of said channel-shaped members and being co-axially connected together by a pivot, one' of said longitudinal members having an integral stud extending inwardly therefrom and the other being hollow and having a stud slidable therein, each of said studs having laterally-projecting retainer pins, a saw-blade secured to said retainer pins, means for adjusting the stud within the hollow longitudinal member of one of said blade-holding parts to place said saw blade under tension, and co-acting means between said channelshaped parts and the cylindrical portions of said blade-holding parts to hold the latter in any adjusted position. Y

2. A hack-saw having a frame provided at oplnut on said screw stud.

posite ends with nat-bar end-members cut away at their lower ends along one edge thereof, a channel-shaped member fitted over the end of each of said end members and forming a chambery therein in which the walls of said cut-away portions serve as walls of said chamber, each of said channel-shaped members having a depending portion of reduced width and a vertical slot in one of its side walls, a lock-dog within each of said chambers, springs within said chambers serving to retain said lock-dogs in locking position, said lock-dogs having thumb pieces extending outwardly therefrom through said vertical slots, blade-holding members provided with upstanding cylindrical portions pivotally connected to said reduced depending portions and having spaced-apart peripheral notches into which said lock-dogs are to be selectivelyentered, bladeholding studs carried by said blade-holding members and one being adjustable lengthwise, and a 20 saw blade connecting said studs and adapted to be placed under tension by actuation of said adjustable stud.

3. A hack-saw, comprising a frame having spaced-apart flat end members, a channel-shaped member tted over the end of each of said members and having a chamber therein, each of said channel-shaped members having a depending portion of reduced widths and a vertical slot inone of its side walls opening to said chamber, a lockdog within each of said chambers, springs within said chambers serving to maintain said lock-dogs in locking position, means extending through said vertical slots for manually kactuating said lock-dogs, blade-holding members provided with 35 upstanding cylindrical portionsA having spacedapartY peripheral notches into which said lockdogs are to be selectively engaged, said cylindrical portions being pivotally secured to the depending portions of said channel-shaped members, blade-holding studs carried by said bladeholding members and disposed parallel with the pivots connecting said cylindrical portions Vwith said depending portions, and a saw-blade connecting said studs. Y

4. A hack-saw, comprising a frame having spaced-apart end members including blade-holding elements at the terminals of said end members, said terminals having cut-away' portions and said blade-holding elements comprising xed parts channeled to enclose the end members at their cut-away portions and thus provide chambers within said xed parts, spring-pressed dogs arranged within said chambers, means externally operable to move said dogs against the action of the springs,y movable parts pivotally connected to said xed parts and each comprising a cylindrical portion provided with spaced-apart notches adapted to be selectively positioned to receive said spring-pressed dogs, one of said movable parts having an integral stud parallel with its pivot and a laterally extending retainer pin and the other having a screw-stud slidable and non-rotatable therein and provided with a laterally extending retainer pin, a thumb nut applied to said screw stud and bearing against the movable part in which said stud is mounted, and a saw-blade secured to said retainer pin and adapted to be V placed under tension by actuation of said thumb HERBERT E. O. SCHMIDT. V('JHRISTOPI-IER J. HAEBERLE. 

